At the time of planting, soil should neither be too wet nor too dry. The soil should be allowed at least a fortnight to become thoroughly settled down before planting. This will prevent any air pockets from remaining about the roots after the roses have been planted. Full contact with the soil is vital for the roots if the plant is to become quickly established.
The damaged roots or unduly long roots or all broken shoots if any, are to be removed before planting, which will give the rose plants additional vigour. A pit measuring 30 cm in depth and diameter has been found to be sufficient for planting different types of roses. While planting, position of the bud union should be looked into. Better results are obtained if planting is done with bud union 2.5 to 5 cm above the soil level.
Rose must be planted firmly so that no air pocket is left around the plant. It is advised to plant roses late in the afternoon, so that the plant gets the long cooler night temperature to recover. Immediately after planting, the plants are to be watered copiously. The plants which are received with a ball of earth around their roots, especially those from eastern India, which contain sticky hard clay, are placed with the ball in water. The clay is removed carefully and roots are exposed without damage.
If the rose plants, received for planting are with bare roots, the roots along with the stem upto the bud union should be dipped in water for about 6 hours before planting. This will restore to the loss of moisture which might have taken place during the transit period. It was suggested to hill up around the rose canes to a height of at least 20 cm.
According to this when the rose bush is planted, it takes a few weeks before the roots become established to the point where they can begin to feed the plant. During this time, if the canes above the ground are not protected from the drying effect of sun and wind, there may be a setback. The canes will dry out, since the plant is not getting food through root. Hence, plant must recover the healthy condition before it can continue to grow. Healing up the plant at the time of planting prevents such loss of health and promotes faster growth.
Rose plants can be transplanted anytime whether it is dormant or in leaf and bloom. Special care should be taken while transplanting. It is most proper if transplanting is done in cooler months only. To be successful in transplanting, one must take as much of soil around the roots as possible and cut the canes back just as it is done during pruning time. The soil around the plant is watered one or two days before lifting. To loosen the plant from existing bed, digging all around the plant and then lifting the plant out by pulling the spade directly under it.
Putting or lifting from above must be avoided. However, the best time for transplant is when the rose is in dormant state. On lifting, all foliage should be removed, excess roots trimmed and twiggy and tender growth removed. The plant is then placed in the new hole, which have been prepared in advance. The hole is filled in with soil firmly. It is better to mound up until growth is evident.
Planting should never be done before the soil has settled, for there is a risk of subsidence damaging of the roots. With the addition of compost, cow dung manure, blood or bone meal or fine bone meal than with looser material will reduce the subsidence. Fine bone-meal can be added in any soil preparation with advantage to the intended plants and without interfering in any way with the work. Application of optimum amount of manure is advised. Frequent hoeing keeps down weeds, help in settling and leveling, establish aeration, mix evenly the constituent soils, and produce an upper layer of good friable soil.
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1. Growing roses requires good soil preparation
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